The Project Gutenberg EBook of Cha jing, by Yu Lu This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: Cha jing Author: Yu Lu Release Date: December 21, 2007 [EBook #23949] Language: Chinese Character set encoding: UTF-8 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CHA JING *** 茶經/唐 陸羽 一之源 茶者，南方之嘉木也，一尺二尺，乃至數十尺。其巴山峽川有兩人合抱者，伐而掇之， 其樹如瓜蘆，葉如梔子，花如白薔薇，實如栟櫚，葉如丁香，根如胡桃。其字或從草， 或從木，或草木並。其名一曰茶，二曰檟，三曰蔎，四曰茗，五曰荈。其地：上者生爛 石，中者生櫟壤，下者生黃土。凡藝而不實，植而罕茂，法如種瓜，三歲可採。野者上 ，園者次；陽崖陰林紫者上，綠者次；筍者上，牙者次；葉捲上，葉舒次。陰山坡穀者 不堪採掇，性凝滯，結瘕疾。茶之爲用，味至寒，爲飲最宜精行儉德之人，若熱渴、凝 悶、腦疼、目澀、四支煩、百節不舒，聊四五啜，與醍醐、甘露抗衡也。採不時，造不 精，雜以卉，莽飲之成疾，茶爲累也。亦猶人參，上者生上黨，中者生百濟、新羅，下 者生高麗。有生澤州、易州、幽州、檀州者，爲藥無效，況非此者！設服薺苨，使六疾 不瘳。知人參爲累，則茶累盡矣。 二之具 籝，一曰籃，一曰籠，一曰筥。以竹織之，受五升，或一鬥、二鬥、三鬥者，茶人負以 採茶也。 竈無用𥥛者，釜用唇口者。 甑，或木或瓦，匪腰而泥，籃以簞之，篾以系之。始其蒸也，入乎簞，既其熟也，出乎 簞。釜涸註於甑中，又以穀木枝三亞者制之，散所蒸牙筍並葉，畏流其膏。 杵臼，一曰碓，惟恆用者佳。 規，一曰模，一曰棬。以鐵制之，或圓或方或花。 承，一曰台，一曰砧。以石爲之，不然以槐、桑木半埋地中，遣無所搖動。 簷，一曰衣。以油絹或雨衫單服敗者爲之，以簷置承上，又以規置簷上，以造茶也。茶成 ，舉而易之。 芘莉，一曰羸子，一曰篣筤。以二小竹長三赤，軀二赤五寸，柄五寸，以篾織，方眼如圃， 人土羅闊二赤，以列茶也。 棨，一曰錐刀，柄以堅木爲之，用穿茶也。 撲，一曰鞭。以竹爲之，穿茶以解茶也。 焙，鑿地深二尺，闊二尺五寸，長一丈，上作短牆，高二尺，泥之。 貫，削竹爲之，長二尺五寸，以貫茶焙之。 棚，一曰棧，以木構於焙上，編木兩層，高一尺，以焙茶也。茶之半幹升下棚，全幹升上棚 。 穿，江東淮南剖竹爲之，巴川峽山紉穀皮爲之。江東以一斤爲上穿，半斤爲中穿，四兩五兩 爲小穿。峽中以一百二十斤爲上，八十斤爲中穿，五十斤爲小穿。字舊作釵釧之“釧”，字 或作貫串，今則不然。如磨、扇、彈、鑽、縫五字，文以平聲書之，義以去聲呼之，其字以 穿名之。 育，以木製之，以竹編之，以紙糊之，中有隔，上有覆，下有床，傍有門，掩一扇，中置一 器，貯煻煨火，令熅熅然，江南梅雨時焚之以火。 三之造 凡採茶，在二月三月四月之間。茶之筍者生爛石沃土，長四五寸，若薇蕨始抽，淩露採焉。 茶之牙者，發於叢薄之上，有三枝四枝五枝者，選其中枝穎拔者採焉，其日有雨不採，晴有 雲不採。晴採之，蒸之，搗之，拍之，焙之，穿之，封之，茶之幹矣。茶有千萬狀，鹵莽而 言，如胡人靴者蹙縮然，犎牛臆者廉簷然，浮雲出山者輪菌然，輕飈拂水者涵澹然。有如陶 家之子羅，膏土以水澄泚之。又如新治地者，遇暴雨流潦之所經，此皆茶之精腴。有如竹籜 者，枝幹堅實，艱於蒸搗，故其形籭簁然；有如霜荷者，至葉凋，沮易其狀貌，故厥狀委萃 然，此皆茶之瘠老者也。自採至於封七經目，自胡靴至於霜荷八等，或以光黑平正，言嘉者 ，斯鑒之下也；以皺黃坳垤言佳者；鑒之次也。若皆言嘉及皆言不嘉者，鑒之上也。何者？ 出膏者光，含膏者皺，宿制者則黑，日成者則黃，蒸壓則平正，縱之則坳垤，此茶與草木葉 一也，茶之否臧，存於口訣。 四之器 風爐：風爐以銅鐵鑄之，如古鼎形，厚三分，緣闊九分，令六分虛中，致其圬墁，凡三足。 古文書二十一字，一足雲“坎上巽下離於中”，一足雲“體均五行去百疾”，一足雲“聖唐 滅胡明年鑄”。其三足之間設三窗，底一窗，以爲通飈漏燼之所，上並古文書六字：一窗之 上書“伊公”二字，一窗之上書“羹陸”二字，一窗之上書“氏茶”二字，所謂“伊公羹陸 氏茶”也。置墆臬於其內，設三格：其一格有翟焉，翟者，火禽也，畫一卦曰離；其一格 有彪焉，彪者，風獸也，畫一卦曰巽；其一格有魚焉，魚者，水蟲也，畫一卦曰坎。巽主風 ，離主火，坎主水。風能興火，火能熟水，故備其三卦焉。其飾以連葩、垂蔓、曲水、方文 之類。其爐或鍛鐵爲之，或運泥爲之，其灰承作三足，鐵柈台之。 筥：筥以竹織之，高一尺二寸，徑闊七寸，或用藤作，木楦，如筥形，織之六齣，固眼其底 ，蓋若利篋口鑠之。 炭撾：炭撾以鐵六棱制之，長一尺，銳一豐，中執細頭，系一小釒展，以飾撾也。若今之河 隴軍人木吾也，或作鎚，或作斧，隨其便也。 火筴：火筴一名箸，若常用者圓直一尺三寸，頂平截，無蔥台勾鎖之屬，以鐵或熟銅制之。 鍑：鍑以生鐵爲之，今人有業冶者所謂急鐵。其鐵以耕刀之趄煉而鑄之，內摸土而外摸沙土 。滑於內，易其摩滌；沙澀於外，吸其炎焰。方其耳，以正令也；廣其緣，以務遠也；長其 臍，以守中也。臍長則沸中，沸中則末易揚，末易揚則其味淳也。洪州以瓷爲之，萊州以石 爲之，瓷與石皆雅器也，性非堅實，難可持久。用銀爲之，至潔，但涉於侈麗。雅則雅矣， 潔亦潔矣，若用之恆而卒歸於銀也。 交床：交床以十字交之，剜中令虛，以支鍑也 夾：夾以小青竹爲之，長一尺二寸，令一寸有節，節已上剖之，以炙茶也。彼竹之筱津潤於 火，假其香潔以益茶味，恐非林谷間莫之致。或用精鐵熟銅之類，取其久也。 紙囊：紙囊以剡藤紙白厚者夾縫之，以貯所炙茶，使不泄其香也。 碾：碾以橘木爲之，次以梨、桑、桐柘爲臼，內圓而外方。內圓備於運行也，外方制其傾危 也。內容墮而外無餘木，墮形如車輪，不輻而軸焉，長九寸，闊一寸七分，墮徑三寸八分， 中厚一寸，邊厚半寸，軸中方而執圓，其拂末以鳥羽制之。 羅合：羅末以合蓋貯之，以則置合中，用巨竹剖而屈之，以紗絹衣之，其合以竹節爲之，或 屈杉以漆之。高三寸，蓋一寸，底二寸，口徑四寸。 則：則以海貝蠣蛤之屬，或以銅鐵竹匕策之類。則者，量也，準也，度也。凡煮水一升，用 末方寸匕。若好薄者減之，嗜濃者增之，故雲則也。 水方：水方以椆木、槐、楸、梓等合之，其裏並外縫漆之，受一鬥。 漉水囊：漉水囊若常用者，其格以生銅鑄之，以備水濕，無有苔穢腥澀。意以熟銅苔穢、鐵 腥澀也。林棲穀隱者或用之竹木，木與竹非持久涉遠之具，故用之生銅。其囊織青竹以捲之 ，裁碧縑以縫之，紐翠鈿以綴之，又作綠油囊以貯之，圓徑五寸，柄一寸五分。 瓢：瓢一曰犧杓，剖瓠爲之，或刊木爲之。晉舍人杜毓《荈賦》雲：“酌之以匏。”匏，瓢 也，口闊脛薄柄短。永嘉中，餘姚人虞洪入瀑布山採茗，遇一道士云：“吾丹丘子，祈子他 日甌犧之餘乞相遺也。”犧，木杓也，今常用以梨木爲之。 竹筴：竹筴或以桃、柳、蒲、葵木爲之，或以柿心木爲之，長一尺，銀裹兩頭。 鹺簋：鹺簋以瓷爲之，圓徑四寸。若合形，或瓶或罍，貯鹽花也。其揭竹制，長四寸一分， 闊九分。揭，策也。 熟盂：熟盂以貯熟水，或瓷或沙，受二升。 碗：碗，越州上，鼎州次，婺州次，嶽州次，壽州、洪州次。或者以邢州處越州上，殊爲不 然。若邢瓷類銀，越瓷類玉，邢不如越一也；若邢瓷類雪，則越瓷類冰，邢不如越二也；邢 瓷白而茶色丹，越瓷青而茶色綠，邢不如越三也。晉·杜毓《荈賦》所謂器擇陶揀，出自東甌 。甌，越也。甌，越州上口唇不捲，底捲而淺，受半升已下。越州瓷、嶽瓷皆青，青則益茶， 茶作白紅之色。邢州瓷白，茶色紅；壽州瓷黃，茶色紫；洪州瓷褐，茶色黑：悉不宜茶。 畚：畚以白蒲捲而編之，可貯碗十枚。或用筥，其紙帕，以剡紙夾縫令方，亦十之也。 劄：劄緝栟櫚皮以茱萸木夾而縛之。或截竹束而管之，若巨筆形。 滌方：滌方以貯滌洗之餘，用楸木合之，制如水方，受八升。 滓方：滓方以集諸滓，制如滌方，處五升。 巾：巾以絁爲之，長二尺，作二枚，玄用之以潔諸器。 具列：具列或作床，或作架，或純木純竹而制之，或木法竹黃黑可扃而漆者，長三尺，闊二尺 ，高六寸，其到者悉斂諸器物，悉以陳列也。 都籃：都籃以悉設諸器而名之。以竹篾內作三角方眼，外以雙篾闊者經之，以單篾纖者縛之， 遞壓雙經作方眼，使玲瓏。高一尺五寸，底闊一尺，高二寸，長二尺四寸，闊二尺。 五之煮 凡灸茶，慎勿於風燼間灸，熛焰如鑽，使炎涼不均。持以逼火，屢其翻正，候炮出培塿狀，蝦 蟆背，然後去火五寸，捲而舒則本其始，又灸之。若火幹者，以氣熟止；日幹者，以柔止。其 始若茶之至嫩者，茶罷熱搗葉爛而牙筍存焉。假以力者，持千鈞杵亦不之爛，如漆科珠，壯士 接之不能駐其指，及就則似無禳骨也。灸之，則其節若倪，倪如嬰兒之臂耳。既而承熱用紙囊 貯之，精華之氣無所散越。候寒末之其火用炭，次用勁薪。其炭曾經燔灸，爲膻膩所及，及膏 木敗器不用之。古人有勞薪之味，信哉！其水，用山水上，江水中，井水下。其山水，揀乳泉 石地慢流者上，其瀑湧湍漱勿食之，久食令人有頸疾。又多別流於山谷者，澄浸不泄，自火天 至霜郊以前，或潛龍畜毒於其間，飲者可決之以流其惡，使新泉涓涓然酌之。其江水，取去人 遠者。井取汲多者。其沸如魚目，微有聲爲一沸，緣邊如湧泉連珠爲二沸，騰波鼓浪爲三沸， 已上水老不可食也。初沸則水合量，調之以鹽味，謂棄其啜餘，無乃𪉦𪊇而鍾其一味乎？第二 沸出水一瓢，以竹筴環激湯心，則量末當中心，而下有頃勢若奔濤，濺沫以所出水止之，而育 其華也。凡酌置諸碗，令沫餑均。沫餑，湯之華也。華之薄者曰沫，厚者曰餑，細輕者曰花， 如棗花漂漂然於環池之上。又如回潭曲渚，青萍之始生；又如晴天爽朗，有浮雲鱗然。其沫者 ，若綠錢浮於水渭，又如菊英墮於鐏俎之中。餑者以滓煮之。及沸則重華累沫，皤皤然若積雪 耳。《荈賦》所謂“煥如積雪，燁若春艸敷”，有之。第一煮水沸，而棄其沫之上，有水膜如 黑雲母，飲之則其味不正。其第一者爲雋永，或留熟以貯之，以備育華救沸之用。諸第一與第 二第三碗，次之第四第五碗，外非渴甚莫之飲。凡煮水一升，酌分五碗，乘熱連飲之，以重濁 凝其下，精英浮其上。如冷則精英隨氣而竭，飲啜不消亦然矣。茶性儉，不宜廣，則其味黯澹 ，且如一滿碗，啜半而味寡，況其廣乎！其色緗也，其馨𣣑也。其味甘樌也；不甘而苦，荈也 ；啜苦咽甘，茶也。 六之飲 翼而飛，毛而走，去而言，此三者俱生於天地間。飲啄以活，飲之時，義遠矣哉。至若救渴， 飲之以漿；蠲憂忿，飲之以酒；蕩昏寐，飲之以茶。茶之爲飲，發乎神農氏，間於魯周公，齊 有晏嬰，漢有揚雄、司馬相如，吳有韋曜，晉有劉琨、張載遠、祖納、謝安、左思之徒，皆飲 焉。滂時浸俗，盛於國朝，兩都並荊俞間，以爲比屋之飲。飲有粗茶、散茶、末茶、餅茶者， 乃斫，乃熬，乃煬，乃舂，貯於瓶缶之中，以湯沃焉，謂之痷茶。或用蔥、薑、棗、橘皮、茱 萸、薄荷之等，煮之百沸，或揚令滑，或煮去沫，斯溝渠間棄水耳，而習俗不已。於戲！天育 萬物皆有至妙，人之所工，但獵淺易。所庇者屋屋精極，所著者衣衣精極，所飽者飲食，食與 酒皆精極之。茶有九難：一曰造，二曰別，三曰器，四曰火，五曰水，六曰炙，七曰末，八曰 煮，九曰飲。陰採夜焙非造也，嚼味嗅香非別也，膻鼎腥甌非器也，膏薪庖炭非火也，飛湍壅 潦非水也，外熟內生非炙也，碧粉縹塵非末也，操艱攪遽非煮也，夏興冬廢非飲也。夫珍鮮馥 烈者，其碗數三；次之者，碗數五。若坐客數至，五行三碗，至七行五碗。若六人已下，不約 碗數，但闕一人而已，其雋永補所闕人。 七之事 王皇炎帝。神農氏。周魯周公旦。齊相晏嬰。漢仙人丹丘子。黃山君司馬文。園令相如。楊執 戟雄。吳歸命侯。韋太傅弘嗣。晉惠帝。劉司空琨。琨兄子兗州刺史演。張黃門孟陽。傅司隸 鹹。江洗馬充。孫參軍楚。左記室太沖。陸吳興納。納兄子會稽內史俶。謝冠軍安石。郭弘農 璞。桓揚州溫。杜舍人毓。武康小山寺釋法瑤。沛國夏侯愷。餘姚虞洪。北地傅巽。丹陽弘君 舉。安任育。宣城秦精。敦煌單道開。剡縣陳務妻。廣陵老姥。河內山謙之。後魏琅琊王肅。 宋新安王子鸞。鸞弟豫章王子尚。鮑昭妹令暉。八公山沙門譚濟。齊世祖武帝。梁·劉廷尉。陶 先生弘景。皇朝徐英公勣。 《神農·食經》：“茶茗久服，令人有力、悅志”。 周公《爾雅》：“檟，苦茶。”《廣雅》雲：“荊巴間採葉作餅，葉老者餅成，以米膏出之， 欲煮茗飲，先灸，令赤色，搗末置瓷器中，以湯澆覆之，用蔥、薑、橘子芼之，其飲醒酒，令 人不眠。” 《晏子春秋》：“嬰相齊景公時，食脫粟之飯，灸三戈五卯茗萊而已。” 司馬相如《凡將篇》：“烏啄桔梗芫華，款冬貝母木櫱蔞，芩草芍藥桂漏蘆，蜚廉雚菌荈詫， 白斂白芷菖蒲，芒消莞椒茱萸。” 《方言》：“蜀西南人謂茶曰葭。” 《吳志·韋曜傳》：“孫皓每饗宴坐席，無不率以七勝爲限。雖不盡入口，皆澆灌取盡，曜飲 酒不過二升，皓初禮異，密賜茶荈以代酒。” 《晉中興書》：“陸納爲吳興太守，時衛將軍謝安常欲詣納，納兄子俶怪納，無所備，不敢 問之，乃私蓄十數人饌。安既至，所設唯茶果而已。俶遂陳盛饌珍羞必具，及安去，納杖俶四 十，雲：‘汝既不能光益叔父，柰何穢吾素業？’” 《晉書》：“桓溫爲揚州牧，性儉，每燕飲，唯下七奠，拌茶果而已。” 《搜神記》：“夏侯愷因疾死，宗人字苟奴，察見鬼神，見愷來收馬，並病其妻，著平上幘單 衣入，坐生時西壁大床，就人覓茶飲。” 劉琨《與兄子南兗州刺史演書》雲：“前得安州幹薑一斤、桂一斤、黃芩一斤，皆所須也，吾 體中潰悶，常仰真茶，汝可置之。” 傅咸《司隸教》曰：“聞南方有以困蜀嫗作茶粥賣，爲簾事打破其器具。又賣餅於市，而禁茶 粥以蜀姥何哉！” 《神異記》：“餘姚人虞洪入山採茗，遇一道士牽三青牛，引洪至瀑布山曰：‘予丹丘子也。 聞子善具飲，常思見惠。山中有大茗可以相給，祈子他日有甌犧之餘，乞相遺也。’因立奠祀 。後常令家人入山，獲大茗焉。” 左思《嬌女詩》：“吾家有嬌女，皎皎頗白皙。小字爲紈素，口齒自清曆。有姊字惠芳，眉目 粲如畫。馳騖翔園林，果下皆生摘。貪華風雨中，倏忽數百適。心爲茶荈劇，吹噓對鼎䥶。” 張孟陽《登成都樓詩》雲：“借問楊子舍，想見長卿廬。程卓累千金，驕侈擬五侯。門有連騎 客，翠帶腰吳鈎。鼎食隨時進，百和妙且殊。披林採秋橘，臨江釣春魚。黑子過龍醢，果饌逾 蟹蝑。芳茶冠六情，溢味播九區。人生苟安樂，茲土聊可娛。” 《傳巽七誨》：“蒲桃、宛柰、齊柿、燕慄、峘陽黃梨、巫山朱橘、南中茶子、西極石蜜。” 弘君舉食檄：寒溫既畢，應下霜華之茗，三爵而終，應下諸蔗、木瓜、元李、楊梅、五味橄欖 、懸豹、葵羹各一杯。孫楚歌：‘茱萸出芳樹顛，鯉魚出洛水泉，白鹽出河東，美豉出魯淵。 薑桂茶荈出巴蜀，椒橘、木蘭出高山，蓼蘇出溝渠，精稗出中田。’” 華佗《食論》：“苦茶久食益意思。” 壺居士《食忌》：“苦茶久食羽化。與韭同食，令人體重。”郭璞《爾雅註》云：“樹小似梔 子，冬生葉，可煮羹飲，今呼早取爲茶，晚取爲茗，或一曰荈，蜀人名之苦茶。” 《世說》：“任瞻字育長，少時有令名。自過江失志，既下飲，問人雲：‘此爲茶爲茗？’覺 人有怪色，乃自分明雲：‘向問飲爲熱爲冷？’” 《續搜神記·晉武帝》：“宣城人秦精，常入武昌山採茗，遇一毛人長丈餘，引精至山下，示以 叢茗而去。俄而複還，乃探懷中橘以遺精，精怖，負茗而歸。” 晉四王起事，惠帝蒙塵，還洛陽，黃門以瓦盂盛茶上至尊。 《異苑》：“剡縣陳務妻少，與二子寡居，好飲茶茗。以宅中有古塚，每飲，輒先祀之。二子 患之曰：‘古塚何知？徒以勞。’意欲掘去之，母苦禁而止。其夜夢一人雲：吾止此塚三百餘 年，卿二子恆欲見毀，賴相保護，又享吾佳茗，雖潛壤朽骨，豈忘翳桑之報。及曉，於庭中獲 錢十萬，似久埋者，但貫新耳。母告，二子慚之，從是禱饋愈甚。” 《廣陵耆老傳》：“晉元帝時有老姥，每旦獨提一器茗，往市鬻之，市人競買，自旦至夕，其 器不減，所得錢散路傍孤貧乞人。人或異之，州法曹縶之獄中，至夜，老姥執所鬻茗器，從獄 牖中飛出。” 《藝術傳》：“敦煌人單道開不畏寒暑，常服小石子。所服藥有松桂蜜之氣，所餘茶蘇而已。 ”釋道該說《續名僧傳》：“宋釋法瑤姓楊氏，河東人，永嘉中過江遇沈台真，請真君武康小 山寺，年垂懸車，飯所飲茶，永明中敕吳興禮致上京，年七十九。” 《宋江氏家傳》：“江統字應遷，湣懷太子洗馬，常上疏諫雲：‘今西園賣醯面藍子菜茶之屬 ，虧敗國體。’” 《宋錄》：“新安王子鸞、豫章王子尚，詣曇濟道人於八公山，道人設茶茗，子尚味之曰：此 甘露也，何言茶茗。” 王微《雜詩》：“寂寂掩高閣，寥寥空廣廈。待君竟不歸，收領今就檟。 鮑昭妹令暉著《香茗賦》。 南齊世祖武皇帝遺詔：“我靈座上，慎勿以牲爲祭，但設餅果、茶飲、乾飯、酒脯而已。” 梁劉孝綽、謝晉安王餉米等，啓傳詔：李孟孫宣教旨，垂賜米、酒、瓜、筍、菹、脯、酢、茗八 種，氣苾新城，味芳雲松。江潭抽節，邁昌荇之珍；疆場擢翹，越葺精之美。羞非純束野麏，裛 似雪之驢；鮓異陶瓶河鯉，操如瓊之粲。茗同食粲酢，顔望楫免，千里宿舂，省三月種聚。小人 懷惠，大懿難忘。陶弘景《雜錄》：“苦茶輕換膏，昔丹丘子青山君服之。” 《後魏錄》：“琅琊王肅仕南朝，好茗飲蓴羹。及還北地，又好羊肉酪漿，人或問之：茗何如酪 ？肅曰：茗不堪與酪爲奴。” 《桐君錄》：“西陽武昌廬江昔陵好茗，皆東人作清茗。茗有餑，飲之宜人。凡可飲之物，皆多 取其葉，天門冬、拔揳取根，皆益人。又巴東別有真茗茶，煎飲令人不眠。俗中多煮檀葉，並大 皂李作茶，並冷。又南方有瓜蘆木，亦似茗，至苦澀，取爲屑茶，飲亦可通夜不眠。煮鹽人但資 此飲，而交廣最重，客來先設，乃加以香芼輩。《坤元錄》：“辰州漵浦縣西北三百五十裏無射 山，雲蠻俗當吉慶之時，親族集會，歌舞於山上，山多茶樹。” 《括地圖》：“臨遂縣東一百四十裏有茶溪。” 山謙之《吳興記》：“烏程縣西二十裏有溫山，出禦荈。《夷陵圖經》：“黃牛、荊門、女觀望 州等山，茶茗出焉。” 《永嘉圖經》：“永嘉縣東三百裡有白茶山。” 《淮陰圖經》：“山陽縣南二十裏有茶坡。” 《茶陵圖經》云：“茶陵者，所謂陵穀，生茶茗焉。”《本草·木部》：“茗，苦茶，味甘苦，微 寒，無毒，主瘻瘡，利小便，去痰渴熱，令人少睡。秋採之苦，主下氣消食。註雲：春採之。” 《本草·菜部》：“苦茶，一名荼，一名選，一名遊冬。生益州川谷山陵道傍，淩冬不死。三月三 日採幹。註雲：疑此即是今茶，一名荼，令人不眠。本草註。”按《詩》云“誰謂荼苦”，又云“ 堇荼如飴”，皆苦菜也。陶謂之苦茶，木類，非菜流。茗，春採謂之苦𣗪荄。 《枕中方》：“療積年瘻，苦茶、蜈蚣並灸，令香熟，等分搗篩，煮甘草湯洗，以末傅之。” 《孺子方》：“療小兒無故驚蹶，以蔥須煮服之。” 八之出 山南以峽州上，襄州、荊州次，衡州下，金州、梁州又下。 淮南以光州上，義陽郡、舒州次，壽州下，蘄州、黃州又下。 浙西以湖州上，常州次，宣州、杭州、睦州、歙州下，潤州、蘇州又下。 劍南以彭州上，綿州、蜀州次，邛州次，雅州、瀘州下，眉州、漢州又下。 浙東以越州上，明州、婺州次，台州下。 黔中生恩州、播州、費州、夷州，江南生鄂州、袁州、吉州，嶺南生福州、建州、韶州、象州。 其恩、播、費、夷、鄂、袁、吉、福、建、泉、韶、象十一州未詳。往往得之，其味極佳。 九之略 其造具，若方春禁火之時，於野寺山園叢手而掇，乃蒸，乃舂，乃復以火乾之，則又棨、樸、焙 、貫、棚、穿、育等七事皆廢。其煮器，若松間石上可坐，則具列廢，用槁薪鼎櫪之屬，則風爐 、灰承、炭撾、火筴、交床等廢；若瞰泉臨澗，則水方、滌方、漉水囊廢。若五人已下，茶可末 而精者，則羅廢；若援藟躋岩，引絙入洞，於山口灸而末之，或紙包合貯，則碾、拂末等廢；既 瓢、碗、筴、札、熟盂、醝簋悉以一筥盛之，則都籃廢。但城邑之中，王公之門，二十四器闕一 ，則茶廢矣！ 十之圖 以絹素或四幅或六幅，分佈寫之，陳諸座隅，則茶之源、之具、之造、之器、之煮、之飲、之事 、之出、之略，目擊而存，於是《茶經》之始終備焉。 End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Cha jing, by Yu Lu *** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CHA JING *** ***** This file should be named 23949-0.txt or 23949-0.zip ***** This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: http://www.gutenberg.org/2/3/9/4/23949/ Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will be renamed. 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